ANSI

Les codes d'échappement

Code	Abbr	Name	Effect
CSI n A	CUU	Cursor Up	Moves the cursor n (default 1) cells in the given direction. If the cursor is already at the edge of the screen, this has no effect.
CSI n B	CUD	Cursor Down
CSI n C	CUF	Cursor Forward
CSI n D	CUB	Cursor Back
CSI n E	CNL	Cursor Next Line	Moves cursor to beginning of the line n (default 1) lines down. (not ANSI.SYS)
CSI n F	CPL	Cursor Previous Line	Moves cursor to beginning of the line n (default 1) lines up. (not ANSI.SYS)
CSI n G	CHA	Cursor Horizontal Absolute	Moves the cursor to column n (default 1). (not ANSI.SYS)
CSI n ; m H	CUP	Cursor Position	Moves the cursor to row n, column m. The values are 1-based, and default to 1 (top left corner) if omitted. A sequence such as CSI ;5H is a synonym for CSI 1;5H as well as CSI 17;H is the same as CSI 17H and CSI 17;1H
CSI n J	ED	Erase in Display	Clears part of the screen. If n is 0 (or missing), clear from cursor to end of screen. If n is 1, clear from cursor to beginning of the screen. If n is 2, clear entire screen (and moves cursor to upper left on DOS ANSI.SYS). If n is 3, clear entire screen and delete all lines saved in the scrollback buffer (this feature was added for xterm and is supported by other terminal applications).
CSI n K	EL	Erase in Line	Erases part of the line. If n is 0 (or missing), clear from cursor to the end of the line. If n is 1, clear from cursor to beginning of the line. If n is 2, clear entire line. Cursor position does not change.
CSI n S	SU	Scroll Up	Scroll whole page up by n (default 1) lines. New lines are added at the bottom. (not ANSI.SYS)
CSI n T	SD	Scroll Down	Scroll whole page down by n (default 1) lines. New lines are added at the top. (not ANSI.SYS)
CSI n ; m f	HVP	Horizontal Vertical Position	Same as CUP, but counts as a format effector function (like CR or LF) rather than an editor function (like CUD or CNL). This can lead to different handling in certain terminal modes.
CSI n m	SGR	Select Graphic Rendition	Sets colors and style of the characters following this code
CSI 5i		AUX Port On	Enable aux serial port usually for local serial printer
CSI 4i		AUX Port Off	Disable aux serial port usually for local serial printer
CSI 6n	DSR	Device Status Report	Reports the cursor position (CPR) by transmitting ESC[n;mR, where n is the row and m is the column.

Les styles

Il s'agit de détailler les codes :

CSI n m

SGR

Select Graphic Rendition

Sets colors and style of the characters following this code

Le tableau suivant donne les modes existants:

n	Name	Note	Exemple *
0	Reset or normal	All attributes become turned off
1	Bold or increased intensity	As with faint, the color change is a PC (SCO / CGA) invention.[better source needed]	N/A
2	Faint, decreased intensity, or dim	May be implemented as a light font weight like bold.	N/A
3	Italic	Not widely supported. Sometimes treated as inverse or blink.	N/A
4	Underline	Style extensions exist for Kitty, VTE, mintty and iTerm2.
5	Slow blink	Sets blinking to less than 150 times per minute
6	Rapid blink	MS-DOS ANSI.SYS, 150+ per minute; not widely supported	N/A
7	Reverse video or invert	Swap foreground and background colors; inconsistent emulation[dubious – discuss]
8	Conceal or hide	Not widely supported.	N/A
9	Crossed-out, or strike	Characters legible but marked as if for deletion. Not supported in Terminal.app	N/A
10	Primary (default) font		N/A
11–19	Alternative font	Select alternative font n − 10	N/A
20	Fraktur (Gothic)	Rarely supported	N/A
21	Doubly underlined; or: not bold	Double-underline per ECMA-48, but instead disables bold intensity on several terminals, including in the Linux kernel's console before version 4.17.
22	Normal intensity	Neither bold nor faint; color changes where intensity is implemented as such.
23	Neither italic, nor blackletter
24	Not underlined	Neither singly nor doubly underlined
25	Not blinking	Turn blinking off
26	Proportional spacing	ITU T.61 and T.416, not known to be used on terminals	N/A
27	Not reversed		N/A
28	Reveal	Not concealed

* Les exemples sont pris sut putty/mobaxterm. N/A c'est que, sur les terminaux caractère standards ce code est sans effet.

Les couleurs

Couleurs de bases

On à 8 couleurs de bases + les mêmes couleurs en surintensité. (à la CGApour ceux qui s'en souviennent)

30–37	Set foreground color
90-97	Set bright foreground color
40–47	Set background color
100-107	Set bright background color

Couleurs étendues

Là on passe aux écrans EGA, On agrandie la palette:

Le nombre indique la couleur de fond :

ESC[48:5:⟨n⟩m Select background color

La couleur du texte est soit blanc soit noir pour qu'on puise le voir. Pour changer la couleur du texte on peut, de la même façon,

ESC[38:5:⟨n⟩m Select foreground color

Attention avec putty, cygwin et donc mobaxterm, par défaut, ces subtilités ne sont pas gérées. En revanche le terminal de base linux sur raspberry PI et MINGW64 sous Windows marche tres bien.

#!/usr/bin/perl
my $c=0;
for ($i=16; $i<=231; $i++) {
        printf "\033[48:5:%3sm  ", $i;
        $c++;
        if (($c % 36)==0){
                print ("\n");
        }
}

Nous donne:

En 24 bits

On passe au VGA. 8 bits par composantes r, g et b. 8x3=24 bits. Ca fait quelque chose comme 17 million de couleurs différentes (16 777 216 exactement).

#!/usr/bin/perl
#
for ($y=0; $y<=255; $y+=4){
        for ($x=0; $x<=255; $x+=2){
                printf ("\033[48;2;%s;%s;%sm ",$x,$y,255-$x);
        }
        print ("\033[0m\n");
}

Nous donne un joli:

Comme quoi dans un terminal en mode caractère on peut faire de jolie dessins!